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| | | | World History timeline |
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| c. 100 BC |
| | | The Essenes, a Jewish sect, withdraw from secular life to form monastic communities in the desert | |
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| c. 100 BC |
| | | A Venus is carved in marble, and centuries later becomes an ideal of female beauty after being found on the island of Milo | |
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| c. 100 BC |
| | | Hindu temple sculptors develop a sinuous and full-bodied style for the naked female form | |
|  | Khajurao
Fotofile CG
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| c. 100 BC |
| | | The Parthians develop the site of Ctesiphon, on the east bank of the Tigris opposite Seleucia | |
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| c. 100 BC |
| | | The practice of acupuncture is described in Nei Qing, a Chinese medical text | |
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| 90 BC |
| | | A three-year war, known as the Social War, breaks out between Rome and her Italian allies | |
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| -88 BC |
| | | The Roman general Sulla takes the unprecedented step of marching upon Rome with a Roman army, to restore his own faction to power | |
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| -86 BC |
| | | Sulla, campaigning to the east, besieges Athens and then allows his army to loot the city | |
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| -82 BC |
| | | Sulla takes Rome for the second time, after a battle at the Colline Gate, and then publishes his lethal 'proscriptions' | |
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| -81 BC |
| | | Cicero, whose speeches become models of oratory, makes his first appearance in a Roman court | |
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| -80 BC |
| | | The 26-year-old Pompey conducts such a successful campaign in Africa that his soldiers hail him as Pompey the Great | |
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| 75 BC |
| | | Julius Caesar, captured by pirates on his way to Rhodes, warns them that he will crucify them - and later keeps his word | |
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| 73 BC |
| | | A rebellion by Spartacus and other slaves from a gladiators' training camp at Capua lasts for two years before it is suppressed | |
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| 64 BC |
| | | Pompey takes Antioch and brings Syria under control as a Roman province | |
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| 64 BC |
| | | The Roman annexation of Syria brings the Silk Road all the way to the Mediterranean | |
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| 64 BC |
| | | The Seleucid dynasty ends when Syria, the last remnant ruled by his family, falls to the Romans | |
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| 64 BC |
| | | Phoenicia is incorporated into the Roman province of Syria, with Tyre and Sidon retaining a measure of self-government | |
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| 63 BC |
| | | Pompey captures Jerusalem, bringing Judaea under Roman control | |
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| 60 BC |
| | | Julius Caesar persuades Pompey and Crassus to join him in a political alliance to their mutual advantage, known now as the first triumvirate | |
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| 58 BC |
| | | At the end of his year as consul, Caesar travels north to become governor of northern Italy and southern France | |
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